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Molosser is a category of large, solidly-built dog that includes several breeds, probably all descended from the same root stock. The name derives from Molossia, a subregion of ancient Epirus, ancient Greece, where the large shepherd dog was known as the Molossus. The proper noun "Mastiff", however, is used to refer to the English Mastiff, a breed that originated from Celtic dogs in England over two thousand years ago. Other terms include "Mastín" (Spanish), "Dogge" (Germanic), and "dogue" or "dogo" (Romance languages). Breeds such as the Bullmastiff, Dogue de Bordeaux, Fila Brasileiro, Pyrenean Mastiff (Mastín del Pirineo), Spanish Mastiff, Neapolitan Mastiff, Tibetan Mastiff, and many others fall into the larger category of "Molossers", but are not "Mastiffs". Each is a separate and distinct breed. The Boxer breed is also included, as it is a creation from other Molossers including the Old English Bulldog. Molossers typically have heavy bones, pendant ears, a relatively short and well-muscled neck, and a short muzzle. Although some Molossers are used for search and rescue, such as the Newfoundland and the Saint Bernard, most are used as guard dogs, due to their deep voices and natural guarding instincts, or livestock guardian dogs for protection against large predators as well as poachers. Some breeds like the Greater Swiss Mountain Dog have also been used as cart dogs. Molosser breeds: Akbash Dog, Alano Español (Spanish Alano), Alapaha Blue Blood Bulldog, Alpine Mastiff (extinct), Alp Mastiff (Cane Garouf), American Bulldog, American Bull Molosser, American Mastiff, American Pit Bull Terrier, American Staffordshire Terrier, Antebellum Bulldog, Anatolian Shepherd Dog, Appenzeller Sennenhund, Argentine Dogo, Bandog, Banter Bulldogge, Bergamasco, Bernese Mountain Dog (Berner Sennen), Boerboel (South-African Mastiff), Boston Terrier, Boxer, Brazilian Bullmastiff, Broholmer, Bucciriscu Calabrese, Bulldog, Buldogue Campeiro, Bullmastiff, Bully Kutta (Pakistani Mastiff), Ca de Bou (Perro de Presa Mallorquin, Mallorquin Bulldog, etc.), Cane Corso (Sicilian Brancheiro), Cão da Serra da Estrela (Estrela Mountain Dog), Cão de Castro Laboreiro, Cão de Fila de São Miguel, Cão de Fila da Terceira, Cão de Gado Transmontano, Catahoula Bulldog, Caucasian Shepherd Dog, Central Asia Shepherd Dog, Dosa Inu (Korean form of Tosa), Doberman Pinscher, Dogue de Bordeaux (French Mastiff), Dogo Argentino, Dogo Cubano, Dogo Guatemalteco, Dogo Sardesco Dutch Mastiff (An alternate name for a Pug, technically a misnomer from a genetic standpoint), English Bulldog, English Mastiff (Mastiff), Entlebucher Sennenhund (Entlebucher Mountain Dog), Fila Brasileiro (Brazilian Mastiff), Gran Mastin de Borínquen, Great Dane (German Mastiff), Greater Swiss Mountain Dog(Grosser Schweizer Sennenhund), Gull Terr, Hovawart, Himalayan Sheepdog, Indian Mastiff (Sindh Mastiff), Kangal Dog, Kuvasz, Landseer (sometimes considered a colour variety of the Newfoundland), Leonberger, Moscovskaya Storozhevaya Sobaka (Moscow Watchdog), Neapolitan Mastiff, Nebolish Mastiff, Newfoundland, Olde Boston Bulldogge, Old Roman Bull-Dog, Olde English Bulldogge, Perro Cimarron, Perro de Presa Canario, Perro de Toro, Polish Tatra Sheepdog, Pyrenean Mastiff, Pyrenean Mountain Dog (Great Pyrenees), Rafeiro do Alentejo, Rhodesian Ridgeback (African Lion Hound), Rottweiler, Sage Koochee (Afghan Sheepdog), Saint Bernard, Šarplaninac, Shar Pei, Spanish Mastiff, Saint Bernard (Alpine Mastiff), Staffordshire Bull Terrier, Tibetan Kyi Apso (Bearded Tibetan Mastiff), Tibetan Mastiff, Tosa Inu (Japanese Mastiff), Valley Bulldog, Vucciriscu, Xochaso.